Heating system



Oct. 26 1926. 7 1,604,569

w. HAMMICK HEATING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 2, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 3% mxxmx Get. 26 1926.

w. HAMMIICK HEATING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 2. 1925 5 Shee ts-Sheet z gwumtoc Oct. 26, 1926.

' W. HAMMICIK HEATING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 2. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 W HA VIM/0T attic/um;

Patented (Jet. 26, 1926.

UNITED srr-A rexs PATENT o-r-Firce.

WALTER HAMiviIcK, or emergence, KANSAS.

HEATING SYSTEM.

Application filea neee'mber Serial No. 751,365.

in object of the present'inventionis to provide a heating. system in which suitable tuel, such as coal, coke, and tl1e l1k e,.1s burned", and the products ofz combustion. then mixed with air in a: secondary. combustion chamber to obtain completecombustion.

A further object isto provide-means. for preheating the air. employed: in the-secondary combustion chamber-by radiationfrom the ire box.

A further object of the invention: is the provision of means for. supplying; preheated air to the fire b'OXa By means of the invention, a temperature maybe employed in the fire boxbelow the tusing point of theclinker-forming, noncombustibles o'f the-fuel, thereby eliminating the clinker troublein the tire box and btaining more uniform resultswith economy of fuel.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown several embodiments of the inven tion. In this showing:

Fig'ure l is acentral vertical longitudinal viewot a furnace kiln showingonefor-mof the invention, 7

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse sectional View on line 22 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a similar View on line- 3+3 of Figure-l, p

Figure 4c is a central vertieal longitud nal sectional view'of" anotherforiir ofthe invention, I, W

Figure 5 is a horizontal'sectional viewpn line 5--5 of Figure-41 showing the Inean's for supplying the preheated rimary air to the furnace,

Figure 6 is a Vertical sectionalView on line 66'ot Figured,

Figure 7 is a similanview on line-7+4 of Figure 4', and;

Figure -8 is a detail view I suo i gthemam ner of supporting the air'conduits in the furnace; p I

Referring to Figures 1 toil-of the-crave ings, A. indicates a furnace which isto'rmed with. a fire" box" 1. 'I he reai WalL-Qwf the fire box is spaced:fromthe'rear- 'wall3 of the furnace to provide-a combustion chamber a The combustionchamber is 1 divided by means of a clrecker wallot The rear *fur- 2, 1925. Serial No. 72,798.

nace wall. is'provided with an outlet 6 through which; the heated, air passes to the space 7' which leads to the kiln. (notshown) or other device to receive-theair; A chimney 8 is in communication, with the chamber 4 and thischimney iscoveredby a door, 9, so that the products of combustion, may. pass of through the, chimney "8 when the door 9 isopenedfor starting up the furnaceor -when the kiln is not; being used. Air is in: troduced into the, top... of:theycombustion chamber through tubular. conduit 10 which. ishorizontally 'arranged and which rests-.011v

the-topsof the fire wal1a2 andpasses through.

anopening in, the front of the-furnace. The. passage of air into said tubular member'may. be controlled by; a. damper. .11, arranged; at the :front end; thereoti. TheL air. passing through this vineinber. ishighly heated from theiheatigenerated' by. the-combustion of fuel invthe fire box, this fuel being introduced through the usualtueldoor l2 and air being admitted tothe fire box through the usual door 13.. i

' Allot the parts are formed of fire resisting materialsr'as they are subjected to intense heat and: metals: would. soon. be burnt: out. if used in the device. Theunintureot' thehighly. heated ain passing throughthe conduit 10 with the products of. combustion passing over the fire wall. from. the fire box into the combustionchamber? will insure perfect: com bu'stionvof. said; products, and this combus tion' is facilitated by; thepassage of. the mixture through the ch'eeker wall 5 which is also hi'gh-ly. heated. 'liihus, the air passing: through the outlet 6 1 is --1 heated to r a high de gree an'd lisfree of all impurities, such as sootwand the like; so that. it. reaches. the kiln insaiperiectly clean state and: thus will: not soil the bricks orothenmaterial being treat ed in the kilnr The i'urnaoeinay be run with a lni-niinumamount-of fuel and its operation is very sini-ple,-' as there are no grate bars} to burn. out or become clogged with ashes. Thegspaoe 14 at the top of the furnace is to be filled;- iitwith earth. as usual.

In -the form off the--inVention shown in Figures-4 to 8 ot thedrawings; I hate shown a furnace-more; adapted for use in hea ting-=systeme a-nd the like. As-shown, the; furnaee is provided with k a -fire 1630x 15 having: anarch 16- arran edover it. "Ihe fire-box -is providedg with a fire wall 17 at its rear-end wlri his' spa'c'ed a't the top from the arch; as indicated at 18: The fron't of the fire box extends to the front wall 19 of the furnace which is provided with the usual fire door 20 and ash pit openingil A combustion chamber 22 is arranged rearwardly of the fire wall and extends to the rear wall 23 of the furnace. The rear wall may be provided with a suitable opening 2% for the final escape of the products of combustion.

As in'the form of the invention heretofore described, I introduce preheated air into the secondary combustion chamber 22 together with the products of combustion from the fire box and this preheated air causes complete combustion of the gases forming the products of combustion. The air is preheated by radiation from the fire box. As shown, a plurality of members 25 are supported on the under side of the arch 16 and these members are provided with openings 26 forming conduits which communicate with the combustion chamber 22 at their rear end. The front ends of these conduits extend through the front wall of the furnace as indicated at 27. The side walls of the furnace are similarly provided with conduits for the passage of air to be preheated. As shown, the side wall is formed of bricks or the like, with the alternate bricks projecting, as indicated at 28. Between each pair of projecting bricks, I support a member 29 having a key 30 to enter the space between the projecting bricks and provided with a conduit 31. These conduits extend through the front wall of the furnace in the manner heretofore described in connection with the conduits 26 and at their rear ends, they communicate with similar conduits 32 extending transversely of the furnace along the front of the fire wall 17. The inner ends of the conduits 32 communicate with upwardly extending conduits 33 having outlet openings 34, arranged at the top and rear of the fire wall, as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. Attention is called to the fact that the length of the connecting conduit 32, 33 for the lower longitudinally extending conduit 31 is greater than that of the others, .and to compensate for the increased resistance caused by the increased length, this connecting conduit is made larger in cross section, as shown in Figure 7 of the drawings and the cross section of each conduit decreases so that the outer and shorter connecting conduit is of the smallest cross section. This provides equal resistance in each of the conduits and thus causes a substantially equal amount of air to pass through each of them. 7

V In this form of the invention, I also provide means for delivering preheated primary air to the fire box. As shown, I provide a pair of conduits 35 on each side of the fire box extending from the front to the rear and communicating with a downwardly extending passage 36. This downwardly extending passage communicates with the lower conduit 37 by means of which the air is carried forwardly and the forward end of this conduit communicates with a passage 38 extending transversely of the front wall to the ash pit opening.

The operation of the device will be apparent from the foregoing description. In the use of the heating system, a fire is generated in the fire box in the usual manner. Due to the secondary combustion, the tem' perature in the fire box may be maintained at a point below the fusing temperature of the non-combustible elements of the fuel, thus eliminating all trouble due to clinkers. Air passing through the conduits 26 and 31, is heated by radiation. By providing the members 25 and 29 with curved outer faces, substantially parallel to the, wall of the conduits 26 and 31, the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of the material forming the conduits is thus reduced and the preheating of the air facilitated. lVhile the temperature of 800 to 900 may be maintained in the fuel bed, the combustion of the fuel which starts in the fuel bed, continues throughout the fire box and the temperature around the conduits 26 and 31 is much higher, in the neighborhood of 2000 E, which permits the secondary .air to be preheated to a relatively high temperature before it is delivered to the secondary combustion chamber 22. In the secondary combustion chamber, the partially consumed products of combustion from the fire box being mixed with the highly heated air from the conduits 26 and 31 are completely burned and all of the fuel value extracted therefrom, resulting in an economy of fuel not possible where the combustion takes place solely in the fire box.

The passage of the primary air rearwardly through the conduits 35 and then forward through the conduit 37 permits the introduction of this air into the ash pit at a higher temperature and facilitates combustion in the fire box.

The walls of the furnace may be formed of the usual fire brick and the conduits formed of suitable refractory material.

It is to be understood that the forms of my invention herewith shown and described are to be taken as preferred examples of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, a fire box,-an arch arranged over said fire box, a combustion chamber arranged adjacent said fire box and communicating therewith, and a conduit extending from the exterior to said combustion chamber beneath said arch.

2. In a device of the character described, a fire box, a combustion chamber arranged adjacent said fire box and communicating therewith, a separating wall arranged be tween said fire box and said secondary combustion chamber, a plurality of conduits ex tending along the side walls of said fire box, and transverse conduits extending from the rear ends of said conduits along the forward side of said separating wall and communicating with said secondary combustion chamber.

3. In a device of the character described, a fire box, a secondary combustion chamber communicating with the fire box to receive the products of combustion therefrom, a conduit communicating with said secondary combustion chamber to deliver air thereto, said conduit passing through said fire box to preheat the air, and means for preheating the primary air delivered to said fire box.

4. In a device of the character described, a fire box, an arch arranged over said fire box, a combustion chamber arranged adjacent said fire box and communicating therewith, a conduit extending from the exterior to said combustion chamber beneath said arch, a separating wall arranged between said fire box and said combustion chamber, and a plurality of conduits extending along the side walls of said fire box and then transversely along the face of said separating wall, the ends of said conduits communicating with said combustion chamber.

5. In a device of the character described, a fire box, an arch arranged over said fire box, a combustion chamber arranged adjacent said fire box and communicating therewith, a conduit extending from the exterior to said combustion chamber beneath said arch to supply preheated air to said combustion chamber, and a conduit extending rearwardly of said fire box, thence for-' wardly and communicating with said fire box to supply preheated air thereto.

6. In a device of the character described, a fire box, a combustion chamber arranged adjacent said fire box and communicating therewith, a separating wall arranged between said fire box and said combustion chamber, a plurality of conduits extending along the side walls of said fire box and communicating with the exterior, and transverse conduits extending from the rear end of said conduits along the forward side of said separating wall and communicating with said secondary combustion chamber, said transverse conduits being of varying length and varying inversely in cross sectional area whereby substantially the same amount of resistance to the passage of air is aiforded by each of said transverse conduits.

7 A furnace of the class described comprising a fire box, a combustion chamber in rear of the fire wall thereof and communicating with the box at its upper part, a checker wall dividing the combustion chamher into two parts, a chimney connected with the combustion chamber, a door for the chimney, means for leading the heated air from the combustion chamber to the point of use, a tubular member passing through the front wall of the furnace and through the fire box and having its rear end resting upon the fire wall for introducing atmospheric air into the combustion chamber, said memher being formed of fire resisting material and a damper at the front end of said member.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

WALTER HAMMICK. 

